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 data     graph  M  COADS Surface Marine Observations, Release 2, 1854-1993 info background RSS  Subscribe  NOAA, NCAR pmelCoads

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Grid
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.0, Unidata Dataset Discovery v1.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String S.D. Woodruff (NOAA ERL), H.F. Diaz (NOAA ERL), J.D. Elms (NOAA NCDC), and S.J. Worley (NCAR)
attribute NC_GLOBAL history String FERRET V4.11 (debug/no GUI) 19-Nov-95FERRET V4.20 (debug/no GUI) 12-Mar-96
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String http://icoads.noaa.gov/egs_paper.html
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String NOAA, NCAR
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String The data may be used and redistributed for free but is not intended
for legal use, since it may contain inaccuracies. Neither the data
Contributor, ERD, NOAA, nor the United States Government, nor any
of their employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or
implied, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy,
completeness, or usefulness, of this information.
attribute NC_GLOBAL reference String Phys. Chem. Earth, Vol.23, No. 5-6, pp. 517-526, 1998
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String http://ferret.pmel.noaa.gov/thredds/dodsC/data/PMEL/COADS/coads_air.cdf
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF-11
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String The Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) has been updated through a cooperative U.S. project since 1981, including vital international contributions. Quality controlled marine surface observations from ships have been supplemented in more recent years to include moored environmental buoys, drifting buoys, and near-surface measurements from oceanographic profiles. The data set now covers 142 years, 1854-1995. Monthly statistics of pseudo-fluxes and basic marine variables are calculated for each year using observed data falling within 2° latitude × 2° longitude boxes (1°×1° summaries are also available for 1960-93). Enhancements in data and metadata planned by the year 2000 as part of COADS Release 2 (~1820-1997) will concentrate on the basic observational records. In addition to new data sources, which will augment flux estimates through expanded coverage, planned enhancements include: a) usage of selected metadata from WMO Pub. No. 47 (ship instrumentation history) to improve the observational records back to about 1973; b) improvements in the reliability of the wind speed ("estimated/measured") indicator; and c) bias adjustments of wind speed Beaufort estimates and anemometer measurements.

Correspondence to: S. Woodruff
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String COADS Surface Marine Observations, Release 2, 1854-1993
dimension time   double nValues=1680, evenlySpaced=false, averageSpacing=30 days 10:28:40
attribute time _CoordinateAxisType String Time
attribute time actual_range double -3.6593856E9, 7.559136E8
attribute time axis String T
attribute time edges String TIMEedges
attribute time ioos_category String Time
attribute time long_name String Time
attribute time point_spacing String uneven
attribute time standard_name String time
attribute time time_origin String 01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute time units String seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
dimension latitude   double nValues=90, evenlySpaced=true, averageSpacing=2.0
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude actual_range double -89.0, 89.0
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude point_spacing String even
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
dimension longitude   double nValues=180, evenlySpaced=true, averageSpacing=2.0
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude actual_range double 1.0, 359.0
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude point_spacing String even
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable air   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute air _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute air colorBarMaximum double 40.0
attribute air colorBarMinimum double -10.0
attribute air history String From all_coads_grid
attribute air ioos_category String Temperature
attribute air long_name String Air Temperature
attribute air missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute air standard_name String air_temperature
attribute air units String degree_C
variable nair   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nair _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nair history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nair ioos_category String Temperature
attribute nair long_name String Number of air Observations
attribute nair missing_value float -1.0E34
variable cldc   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute cldc _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute cldc colorBarMaximum double 10.0
attribute cldc colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute cldc history String From all_coads_grid
attribute cldc ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute cldc long_name String Cloudiness
attribute cldc missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute cldc standard_name String cloud_area_fraction
attribute cldc units String okta
variable ncldc   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute ncldc _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute ncldc history String From all_coads_grid
attribute ncldc ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute ncldc long_name String Number of cldc Observations
attribute ncldc missing_value float -1.0E34
variable lflx   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute lflx _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute lflx colorBarMaximum double 150.0
attribute lflx colorBarMinimum double -50.0
attribute lflx history String From all_coads_grid
attribute lflx ioos_category String Heat Flux
attribute lflx long_name String Latent Heat Parameter
attribute lflx missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute lflx standard_name String surface_upward_latent_heat_flux
attribute lflx units String grams/kg m/s
variable nlflx   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nlflx _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nlflx history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nlflx ioos_category String Heat Flux
attribute nlflx long_name String Number of lflx Observations
attribute nlflx missing_value float -1.0E34
variable rhum   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute rhum _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute rhum colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute rhum colorBarMinimum double 50.0
attribute rhum history String From all_coads_grid
attribute rhum ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute rhum long_name String Relative Humidity
attribute rhum missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute rhum standard_name String relative_humidity
attribute rhum units String percent
variable nrhum   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nrhum _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nrhum history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nrhum ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute nrhum long_name String Number of rhum Observations
attribute nrhum missing_value float -1.0E34
variable sflx   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute sflx _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute sflx colorBarMaximum double 150.0
attribute sflx colorBarMinimum double -50.0
attribute sflx history String From all_coads_grid
attribute sflx ioos_category String Heat Flux
attribute sflx long_name String Sensible Heat Parameter
attribute sflx missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute sflx standard_name String surface_upward_sensible_heat_flux
attribute sflx units String degree_C m s-1
variable nsflx   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nsflx _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nsflx history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nsflx ioos_category String Heat Flux
attribute nsflx long_name String Number of sflx Observations
attribute nsflx missing_value float -1.0E34
variable shum   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute shum _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute shum colorBarMaximum double 30.0
attribute shum colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute shum history String From all_coads_grid
attribute shum ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute shum long_name String Specific Humidity
attribute shum missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute shum standard_name String specific_humidity
attribute shum units String gm kg-1
variable nshum   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nshum _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nshum history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nshum ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute nshum long_name String Number of shum Observations
attribute nshum missing_value float -1.0E34
variable slp   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute slp _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute slp colorBarMaximum double 1030.0
attribute slp colorBarMinimum double 970.0
attribute slp history String From all_coads_grid
attribute slp ioos_category String Meteorology
attribute slp long_name String Sea Level Pressure
attribute slp missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute slp standard_name String air_pressure
attribute slp units String mb
variable nslp   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nslp _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nslp history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nslp ioos_category String Heat Flux
attribute nslp long_name String Number of slp Observations
attribute nslp missing_value float -1.0E34
variable sst   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute sst _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute sst colorBarMaximum double 32.0
attribute sst colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute sst history String From all_coads_grid
attribute sst ioos_category String Temperature
attribute sst long_name String Sea Surface Temperature
attribute sst missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute sst standard_name String sea_surface_temperature
attribute sst units String deg C
variable nsst   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nsst _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nsst history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nsst ioos_category String Temperature
attribute nsst long_name String Number of sst Observations
attribute nsst missing_value float -1.0E34
variable ustr   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute ustr _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute ustr colorBarMaximum double 500.0
attribute ustr colorBarMinimum double -500.0
attribute ustr history String From all_coads_grid
attribute ustr ioos_category String Wind
attribute ustr long_name String Zonal Pseudostress
attribute ustr missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute ustr units String m**/s**2
variable nustr   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nustr _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nustr history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nustr ioos_category String Wind
attribute nustr long_name String Number of ustr Observations
attribute nustr missing_value float -1.0E34
variable uwnd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute uwnd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute uwnd colorBarMaximum double 15.0
attribute uwnd colorBarMinimum double -15.0
attribute uwnd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute uwnd ioos_category String Wind
attribute uwnd long_name String Zonal Wind
attribute uwnd missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute uwnd standard_name String eastward_wind
attribute uwnd units String m s-1
variable nuwnd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nuwnd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nuwnd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nuwnd ioos_category String Wind
attribute nuwnd long_name String Number of uwnd Observations
attribute nuwnd missing_value float -1.0E34
variable vstr   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute vstr _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute vstr colorBarMaximum double 500.0
attribute vstr colorBarMinimum double -500.0
attribute vstr history String From all_coads_grid
attribute vstr ioos_category String Wind
attribute vstr long_name String Meridional Pseudostress
attribute vstr missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute vstr units String m**/s**2
variable nvstr   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nvstr _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nvstr history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nvstr ioos_category String Wind
attribute nvstr long_name String Number of vstr Observations
attribute nvstr missing_value float -1.0E34
variable vwnd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute vwnd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute vwnd colorBarMaximum double 15.0
attribute vwnd colorBarMinimum double -15.0
attribute vwnd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute vwnd ioos_category String Wind
attribute vwnd long_name String Meridional Wind
attribute vwnd missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute vwnd standard_name String northward_wind
attribute vwnd units String m s-1
variable nvwnd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nvwnd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nvwnd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nvwnd ioos_category String Wind
attribute nvwnd long_name String Number of vwnd Observations
attribute nvwnd missing_value float -1.0E34
variable wspd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute wspd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute wspd colorBarMaximum double 15.0
attribute wspd colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute wspd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute wspd ioos_category String Wind
attribute wspd long_name String Wind Speed
attribute wspd missing_value float -1.0E34
attribute wspd standard_name String wind_speed
attribute wspd units String m s-1
variable nwspd   float time, latitude, longitude
attribute nwspd _FillValue float -1.0E34
attribute nwspd history String From all_coads_grid
attribute nwspd ioos_category String Wind
attribute nwspd long_name String Number of wspd Observations
attribute nwspd missing_value float -1.0E34

 
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